Larry,

Here is a copy of the post I made earlier. �
Stock rockers are 1.1. �What the ratio means is that for every X amount of 
cam lift, the valve opens further by 1.1/1.25/1.3/1.4 inches. Using ratio 
rockers is a way for the valve to be opened further than the actual cam lift 
to keep the wear on the cam and lifters minimized. �The cam does not have to 
go to extreme angles against the lifter to achieve the same total lift.

The ratio is achieved by moving the center pivot line further to one side. 
�The longer one side is the greater the ratio.

---0----
--0-----
-0------

One other plus for using ratio rockers is that the arc that the adjusting 
screw takes is reduced and that reduces the side load on the valve stem, 
increasing the valve guide life. �When you use swivel adjusting screws or 
roller tip rockers the side load on the valve stem is further reduced, 
further increasing the valve guide life.

Boston Bob states that the 2.1L tends to eat guides, by simply utilizing 
swivel adjusting screws on stock �1.1 ratio rockers (You will have to use 
aftermarket Rhino 1.1 ratio rockers with a 9 mm adjusting screw) you can 
dramatically increase the valve guide life.

**attached is a picture that shows the rocker arm shaft off center compared 
to a stock (1.3 ratio)

________________________________________________

<<<The ratio rockers in on these dyno reports are 1.4. The Pawter rockersare 
1.3, and I believe the original rockers that Robert Lilly had usedwere 1.25, 
and then switched to 1.3. which I guess you have.>>>
� � 
I have a modified cam that has an increased lift from stock. �I choose the 
1.25 and 1.3 because the total lift is more than the 1.4 rockers on the stock 
cam.

I used the 1.25 at first. �These were the VW Rhino 1.25 with the 9 mm 
adjusting screw. �I used the Rhino swivel adjusting screws. �They have the 
entire head that swivels to reduce valve stem side load. �Used with solid 
rocker shafts, they are an inexpensive upgrade and are mild.

I then switch to the Pauter 1.3 roller tip rockers. �I wanted the roller tip 
to further reduce stem side loading (even though the arc is reduced the Berg 
rockers DO NOT reduce the stem side load as much because they still slide on 
the valve tip during the lifting motion) The 1.25 were discontinued from 
Pauter that is why I went to the 1.3.

IF you DO NOT change the cam use either the 1.3 or 1.4. �IF you ever plan to 
change the cam use the 1.3 to avoid changing in the future otherwise use of 
the 1.4 is fine.

stock cam ���������I: .330 �with 1.3: 0.429 ��with 1.4: .462
������������������������E: .317 with 1.3 �0.412 �with 1.4: .444

#91 WebCam �����I: �.363 ��with 1.3: .472 ��with the 1.4: �0.508
������������������������E: .363 ��with 1.3: .472 ��with the 1.4: �0.508

Looking at the above chart, the use of the WebCam cam AND the 1.3 ratio 
rockers, you get a greater lift than with the stock cam and the 1.4 ratio.

I chose ratio rockers because they offer increased air flow, maintain air 
speed through the intake ports at lower speeds and improve the bottom end 
because the valves are opening faster than stock valves and accelerate the 
air flow.

Another key is, with the WebCam, the exhaust is open greater and longer 
allowing for more exhaust to exit along with the increased duration to get 
the fuel mixture into the cylinder sooner from increased exhaust scavenging 
to give each charge more power. �Added to the cam benefit is the coatings 
that keep the exhaust hotter as it exits to keep a higher exhaust gas speed 
that increases scavenging. This is why, in my set up, the stock exhaust pipes 
work better. �Plus the stock pipes are patterned after 914 race exhausts...4 
to 2 to 1.

Rockers increase airflow without expensive port work. �Sometimes with 
porting, you lose low power because the air flow decreases in larger ports 
due to reduced air speed (physics) the way to overcome this is a higher rpm 
to pick the speed up. �The length of the total intake also affects air speed. 

Ratio rockers do not decrease low end power but increase it. �The valves are 
opening sooner, opening further and held open longer but air speed is 
maintained because the port size has not changed, thus allowing for more 
air/fuel to enter the chamber, producing more power. �The effect will be 
enhanced when you also modify other systems to flow more air. �Better 
muffler, air filter, match porting, cleaning up ports of restrictions. �All 
small changes add up to a big change overall.

If you put on rockers add exhaust wrap to keep the exhaust gasses hot to pull 
more from the intake into the cylinders, change the air filter, change to 
triple or quad plugs to burn the gasses better to get more power, then you 
will need to use less pedal to get to the same speed and use less gas because 
you are getting more power from the same amount of fuel. �When you make 
changes to one area, see how it changes other areas to keep it balanced...

Robert

[text/html]