Ok, so I was assuming the stud snapped way into the block but upon
removing the head I can see now there is about half an inch to grab or
weld a nut on.  BUT> In removing the head the the stud next to it snapped
with barely any force. That's right, removing it! Go figure.  Well, at
least it broke at the very end so the piece to grab is very long.  I can
manage that.  But the stubby one is an real problem. I'm all hot inside
trying to figure out what to do next.  Drop the engine?  It's right there
ready to be free, but is it necessary?  Seems as though I'll need to pull
the liner out which also mean I need to disassemble the engine, right?
Please help me figure out this mess! Thanks!

Oh yeah the other good news, in all my clean up of the enigne I found a
sticker saying VW Canada remanufactured.  Hmm. . .

Brendan.